For color, shape or spacing problems in front teeth, two common options are porcelain veneers (laminate veneers) and composite bonding. Which one is suitable is decided by evaluating tooth structure, bite and expectations together (Kidd et al., 2003).

Porcelain laminate veneer

It is prepared in a laboratory and bonded to the tooth; the color stability and aesthetic properties of ceramics are described as advantages (McLean, 1988; Sakaguchi & Powers, 2012). It generally requires a slight reduction of the tooth surface; reversibility is limited.

Composite bonding

It is shaped directly in the mouth by the dentist; it can often be done with less tooth structure loss and in a single session. The age of fillings and reasons for replacement have been examined in clinical studies (Mjör et al., 2000); over time, surface staining, wear and need for repair may occur.

When deciding

• Preserving tooth structure and expected lifespan
• Gum health and aesthetic line
• Clenching/grinding habit
• The cost plan becomes clear after the examination; no fixed figure is given

Which comes to mind in which situations?

For small chips, tooth gaps or mild shape irregularities, composite bonding is generally the first option because it involves less tooth structure loss and can usually be done in one session. Porcelain veneers are considered for widespread color problems, a wish to change the shape of many teeth or the expectation of a more durable surface (Kidd et al., 2003).

The process for porcelain veneers

• Examination, photographs and impression; smile plan
• Preparation of the tooth (a very thin amount if needed)
• Temporary restoration
• Laboratory stage and color-shape try-ins
• Permanent bonding and bite check

Bonding techniques and durability of ceramics have been discussed in the literature (McLean, 1988; Sakaguchi & Powers, 2012).

The process for composite bonding

After shade selection, the tooth surface is prepared, the adhesive system is applied and the composite is shaped in layers and hardened with light; finally it is polished. Composites can change color and wear over time; repair or renewal may be needed (Mjör et al., 2000).

Care and expectations

With both methods, regular brushing, flossing and check-ups are important. If there is clenching or grinding, a night guard may be recommended. Biting hard foods or opening packages with teeth can increase the risk of fracture. No restoration can be guaranteed for life; the need for renewal varies with the person and habits. Gum health is also important for smile aesthetics; if there is recession or inflammation it should be treated first.

Frequently asked questions

Which lasts longer?

It varies with the case and care; no general superiority can be claimed.

Care after veneers?

Regular brushing, flossing and check-ups are important.

Is it planned together with whitening?

Yes, whitening is often considered first; see in-office whitening.

Do porcelain veneers wear down the tooth?

In some cases a very thin enamel reduction is needed; the amount varies with the plan.

Does composite stain?

Surface staining can occur over time; it can be corrected with polishing or renewal.

Is reversal possible?

It is easier with composite; with porcelain veneers it is limited because of tooth structure loss.

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References

• Kidd, E. A. M., Smith, B. G. N., & Watson, T. F. (2003). Pickard’s manual of operative dentistry (8th ed.). Oxford University Press.
• Kidd, E. A. M., Smith, B. G. N., & Watson, T. F. (2003). Indirect cast metal, porcelain, and composite intracoronal restorations (Chapter 11). In Pickard’s manual of operative dentistry (8th ed., pp. 175–188). Oxford University Press.
• Sakaguchi, R. L., & Powers, J. M. (Eds.). (2012). Craig’s restorative dental materials (13th ed.). Elsevier Mosby.
• McLean, J. W. (1988). Ceramics in clinical dentistry. British Dental Journal, 164(6), 187–194. PubMed ↗
• Van Noort, R. (2002). Introduction to dental materials (2nd ed.). Mosby.
• Mjör, I. A., Moorhead, J. E., & Dahl, J. E. (2000). Reasons for replacement of restorations in permanent teeth in general dental practice. International Dental Journal, 50(6), 361–366. PubMed ↗

Note: Book chapter references follow the page ranges of the publisher’s edition; article links open the matching PubMed record.

This article is for information only and is not medical advice. See your dentist for diagnosis and treatment; no outcome is guaranteed.

This page was reviewed by Dr. Dt. Mehmet Fuat Bozaba, periodontist.